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BRICK MASONS, BLOCK MASONS, STONE MASON BRICK BLOCK
LAYERS MASONRY REPAIR FOUNDATIONS WALLS
Brick or Stone Tuck-Pointing Install a Brick or Stone Fireplace
Install a Brick, Stone or Block Wall Install Brick or Stone
Patios, Walks, and Steps Install or Completely Replace Brick or
Stone Siding Repair a Brick or Stone Fireplace Repair a Brick,
Stone or Block Wall Repair Brick or Stone Patios, Walks, and
Steps Repair or Partially Replace Brick or Stone Siding
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BTW,
did you know that mortar is available in different strengths? Type M
is the strongest and is not generally used to lay bricks on vertical
surfaces. Type S is normally used for exterior brick veneer. Type N
is generally used inside, particularly where freezing temperatures occur.
Type O and Type K are seldom used any more but when they are, you may
find them being used with old bricks since they allow some movement
in the wall to help minimize cracking of softer brick.
Here
is an easy way to remember the types of mortar, in order of strength
from left to right:
M a S o N
w O r K
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Note: Mortar should be protected from freezing
for at least 48 hours after construction. If your project
involves laying brick or block during cold weather,
Joints and Courses
Bond A bond is the patterned arrangement of
brick or stone in a wall. The brick must be lapped upon one
another, to prevent vertical joints from falling over each
other.
Mortar is a pasty building material composed of
sand, lime and cement mixed with water. This mixture gradually
hardens when exposed to the air. Mortar is used as a joining
medium in brick and stone construction.
Joint A joint is the mortar bond placed between
individual masonry units such as brick, block or stone.
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Wall Laid in English Bond,
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When a brick
is laid down the mason must decide which side of the brick will
face outside towards the viewer. Will the brick be set flat or will
it stand up? Will the wide side or the narrow side face out? The
following are terms which describe how the brick is set. Is it vertical
or horizontal? Does it show the long or or the short side? Does
it show the narrow or the wide side? Is it laid down on the
narrow edge or the wide edge?
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Custom Fireplace
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Course Setting
Course Setting a course means to arrange in a row. A row
of bricks, when laid in a wall, is called a course. It is a
continuous level range or row of brick or masonry throughout the
face or faces of a building. Each horizontal layer of brick in a
masonry structure is called a course. Brick laid flat and
perpendicular to the face of the wall are called headers. A
header course consists entirely of headers (horizontal, short,
narrow side laid on wide edge).
Rowlock Occasionally a special type of course
is used for either structural or decorative purposes. The
rowlock or rolok is similar to the header course except that the
brick are laid on narrow or face edge. This type of course is
often used as the top course or cap of garden walls and as
window and door sills (horizontal, short, narrow side laid on
narrow edge).
Stretcher Brick laid flat with the long face
parallel to the wall are called a stretchers. When all the brick
in the course are laid in this manner, it is called a stretcher
course. (horizontal, long, narrow).
Soldier A soldier course is one in which brick
are laid standing on end with the narrow edge facing out. This
type of course is sometimes used for decorative effects over
door and window openings and in fireplace facings (vertical,
long, narrow).
Sailor A sailor course is similar to the
soldier course but with the wide edge facing out. It is used for
decorative effects (vertical, long, wide).
The width of a masonry
structure can be measured by stretchers and joints. The height
of a masonry structure can be measured by courses and joints.
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